Jump to content

Rachel Maddow

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rachel Maddow
Maddow in 2018
Born
Rachel Anne Maddow

(1973-04-01) April 1, 1973 (age 51)
Castro Valley, California, U.S.
Education
Occupations
  • Television host
  • political commentator
  • author
Years active1999–present
Employers
TelevisionThe Rachel Maddow Show
PartnerSusan Mikula (1999–present)
WebsiteRachel Maddow Official Website

Rachel Anne Maddow (/ˈmædoʊ/ ⓘ, MAD-oh; born April 1, 1973) is an American television news program host and liberal political commentator.[1][2][3][4] Maddow hosts The Rachel Maddow Show, a weekly television show on MSNBC, and serves as the cable network's special event co-anchor.[5] Her syndicated talk radio program of the same name aired on Air America Radio from 2005 to 2010.

Maddow has received multiple Emmy Awards for her broadcasting work; in 2021, she also received a Grammy Award for the audiobook version of Blowout (2019).

Maddow holds a bachelor's degree in public policy from Stanford University and a doctorate in political science from the University of Oxford and is the first openly lesbian anchor to host a major prime-time news program in the United States.[6][7][8]

Early life and education

Maddow was born in Castro Valley, California. Her father, Robert B. Maddow, is a former United States Air Force captain who resigned his commission the year before her birth and then worked as a lawyer for the East Bay Municipal Utility District. Her mother, Elaine (née Gosse), was a school program administrator.[9][10] She has one older brother, David. Her paternal grandfather was from a Jewish family (the original family surname being Medvedof), who arrived in the United States from the Russian Empire. Her paternal grandmother was of Dutch descent. Maddow's Canadian mother, originally from Newfoundland and Labrador, has English and Irish ancestry.[11]

Maddow has said her family is "very, very Catholic" and she grew up in a community that her mother has described as "very conservative".[12][13][14] Maddow was a competitive athlete and participated in high school volleyball, basketball, and swimming.[15]

Referring to John Hughes films, Maddow has described herself as being "a cross between the jock and the antisocial girl" in high school.[14] She is a graduate of Castro Valley High School and attended Stanford University.[16] While a freshman, she was outed as a lesbian by the college newspaper when an interview with her was published before she could tell her parents.[12]

She earned a degree in public policy at Stanford in 1994.[17] At graduation, she was awarded the John Gardner Fellowship.[18] She was the recipient of a Rhodes Scholarship and began her postgraduate study in 1995 at Lincoln College, Oxford. She had also been awarded a Marshall Scholarship the same year but turned it down in favor of the Rhodes.[19] This made her the first openly lesbian winner of the Rhodes Scholarship.[a][21] In 2001, she earned a Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil)[22] in politics at the University of Oxford.[23] Her thesis was titled "HIV/AIDS and Health Care Reform in British and American Prisons" and was supervised by Lucia Zedner.[24]

Radio

Maddow's first job as a radio host was in 1999 at WRNX (100.9 FM) in Holyoke, Massachusetts, then home to "The Dave in the Morning Show". She entered and won a contest the station held to find a new second lead for the show's principal host, Dave Brinnel.[25] After the WRNX show, she hosted Big Breakfast on WRSI in Northampton, Massachusetts, for two years, leaving in 2004 to join the new Air America radio network.[23] There she hosted Unfiltered along with Chuck D (of the hip hop group Public Enemy) and Lizz Winstead (co-creator of The Daily Show) until its cancellation in March 2005.[26]

Two weeks after the cancellation of Unfiltered in April 2005, Maddow's weekday two-hour radio program, The Rachel Maddow Show, began airing; in March 2008 it gained a third hour, broadcasting from 6:00 to 9:00 p.m. Eastern Time, with David Bender filling in the third hour for the call-in section, when Maddow was on TV assignment. In 2008, the show's length returned to two hours when Maddow began the nightly MSNBC television program, also called The Rachel Maddow Show. Early in 2009, after renewing her contract with Air America, Maddow's radio show was moved to a one-hour timeslot at 5:00 a.m. Eastern Time. This iteration of the show began with a short introduction from Maddow followed by a broadcast based on the audio from the previous night's MSNBC broadcast of Maddow's television show. Little explanation or warning was given for this shift except for Maddow's comments that doing two daily shows was far too taxing.[27][28] Maddow's radio show ended on January 21, 2010 when Air America ceased operations.[29]

Television

In June 2005, Maddow became a regular panelist on the MSNBC show Tucker, hosted by Tucker Carlson.[30] During and after the November 2006 election, she was a guest on CNN's Paula Zahn Now; she was also a correspondent for The Advocate Newsmagazine, an LGBT-oriented short-form newsmagazine for Logo deriving from news items published by The Advocate. In January 2008, Maddow became an MSNBC political analyst and was a regular panelist on MSNBC's Race for the White House with David Gregory and MSNBC's election coverage[31] as well as a frequent contributor on Countdown with Keith Olbermann.[23]

In 2008, Maddow was the substitute host for Countdown with Keith Olbermann, her first time hosting a program on MSNBC. Maddow described herself on-air as "nervous". Keith Olbermann complimented her work, and she was brought back to host Countdown the next month. The show she hosted was the highest-rated news program among people aged 25 to 54.[32] For her success, Olbermann ranked Maddow third in his show's segment "World's Best Persons".[33] In July 2008, Maddow filled in again for several broadcasts.[34] Maddow also filled in for David Gregory as host of Race for the White House.[23]

Maddow making cocktails during a Diggnation podcast recording at the msnbc.com digital café[35] in Rockefeller Center.[36]

Olbermann advocated for Maddow to host her own show at MSNBC, and he was eventually able to persuade Phil Griffin to give her Dan Abrams' time slot.[37]

The Rachel Maddow Show

Main article: The Rachel Maddow Show

In August 2008, MSNBC announced The Rachel Maddow Show would replace Verdict with Dan Abrams in the network's 9:00 p.m. slot the following month.[38][39] Following its debut, the show topped Countdown as the highest-rated show on MSNBC on several occasions.[40][41] After being on air for more than a month, Maddow's program doubled the audience that hour.[42] This show made Maddow the first openly gay or lesbian host of a primetime news program in the United States.[43]

The initial reviews for the show were positive. Los Angeles Times journalist Matea Gold[44] wrote that Maddow "finds the right formula on MSNBC",[45] and The Guardian wrote that Maddow had become the "star of America's cable news".[46] Associated Press columnist David Bauder saw her as "[Keith] Olbermann's political soul mate", and he described the Olbermann-Maddow shows as a "liberal two-hour block".[47]

Of her collegial relationship with Roger Ailes of Fox News, whom she sought out for technical advice, on camera angles, Maddow said she does not want to talk about it because "I don't want anybody else to use it. It was a nice thing that he did for me, and it's been valuable for me; it helped me get an advantage over my competitors."[48]

In mid-May 2017, amid multiple controversies surrounding the Trump administration, MSNBC surpassed CNN and Fox News in the news ratings. For the week of May 15, The Rachel Maddow Show was the No. 1 non-sports program on cable for the first time.[49] She has been called by Rolling Stone as "America's wonkiest anchor" who "cut through the chaos of the Trump administration – and became the most trusted name in the news."[48] Maddow has argued that these issues "are the most serious scandals that any president has ever faced."[48]: 38 

Maddow has stated that her show's mission is to "[i]ncrease the amount of useful information in the world".[50][48]: 56  She said her rule for covering the Trump administration is: "Don't pay attention to what they say, focus on what they do ... because it's easier to cover a fast-moving story when you're not distracted by whatever the White House denials are."[48]: 37 

Maddow often begins a broadcast with a lengthy story, sometimes longer than 20 minutes, which she has referred to on-air as the "A-block." This often begins with film clips and other media from events in past years or decades which she eventually connects with the news of the day. About this process, she has said: "The thing that defines whether or not you're good at this work is whether you have something to say when it's time to say something. Because you're going to have to say something when that light goes on ... I want to have something to say that people don't already know every single night, every single segment, and that makes it hard to get the process right because that's the only thing I care about."[51]

Maddow was an outspoken advocate of vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially during 2021.[52][53][54][55][56] She encouraged people to get vaccinated, for the benefit of themselves and others.[57]

Maddow took a hiatus from her show from February to April 2022 to coincide with production on the film adaptation of Bag Man.[58] As of May 2022, her show has moved to a weekly broadcast on Mondays.[59]

Herring Networks, Inc. v. Rachel Maddow, et al.

On September 10, 2019, the One America News Network (OAN) filed suit in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California[60] against Maddow for $10 million, after Maddow described the network as "paid Russian propaganda" on her program on July 22. Maddow had repeated a Daily Beast story which identified an OAN employee as also working for Sputnik News, which is owned by the Russian government-owned news agency Rossiya Segodnya, and has been accused of deliberately disseminating disinformation, and is often described as an outlet for propaganda. Also named in the suit were Comcast, MSNBC, and NBCUniversal Media.[61]

On May 22, 2020, the case was dismissed by Judge Cynthia Bashant, who found that "the contested statement is an opinion that cannot serve as the basis for a defamation". OAN parent company Herring Networks said they planned to appeal.[62]

After considering Herring's appeal, in August 2021, the decision in favor of Maddow was affirmed by the United States Court of Appeal for the Ninth Circuit.[63][64] The Court of Appeals also affirmed a trial court ruling that requires Herring to pay Maddow's attorneys' fees.[65]

Writing

Maddow wrote Drift: The Unmooring of American Military Power (2012) about the role of the military in postwar American politics. Upon its release, Drift reached the first position of The New York Times Best Seller list for hardcover nonfiction.[66]

In December 2013, The Washington Post announced that Maddow would write a monthly opinion column for the paper, contributing one article per month over a period of six months.[67]

On March 2, 2018, The New York Times published Maddow's first crossword puzzle, in collaboration with Joe DiPietro.[68] On the eve of its publication, she said: "This is kind of it, like there will never be a baby, but there's this freaking crossword puzzle, and I am very, very excited about it."[69]

Maddow's second book Blowout: Corrupted Democracy, Rogue State Russia, and the Richest, Most Destructive Industry on Earth was published in October 2019.[70][71] In March 2021, the audiobook version of Blowout, recorded by Maddow, won the Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album at the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards.[72]

Her third book, Bag Man: The Wild Crimes, Audacious Cover-up, and Spectacular Downfall of a Brazen Crook in the White House,[73] written with Michael Yarvitz, was published in December 2020.

Maddow's fourth book, Prequel: An American Fight Against Fascism was published on October 17, 2023. It is based on her podcast Ultra.[74]

Podcasting

In October 2018, Maddow launched the podcast Bag Man, produced with MSNBC and focusing on the 1973 political scandal surrounding Vice President Spiro Agnew.[75] A film adaptation of the podcast was announced to be in production in 2022, with Ben Stiller attached to direct and Lorne Michaels to produce, with Maddow set to be an executive producer.[58]

In October 2022, Maddow and MSNBC launched Ultra, a podcast series chronicling U.S. right-wing extremism during the 1940s and World War II, including the 1944 sedition trial.[76][77] A few months later, in December, famed filmmaker Steven Spielberg's company optioned film rights to the series.[78]

Public image and publicity

Maddow in 2008

A 2011 Hollywood Reporter profile of Maddow said she was able to deliver news "with agenda, but not hysteria".[79] A Newsweek profile said, "At her best, Maddow debates ideological opponents with civility and persistence ... but for all her eloquence, she can get so wound up ripping Republicans that she sounds like another smug cable partisan." The Baltimore Sun critic David Zurawik accused Maddow of acting like "a lockstep party member".[80] The editors of The New Republic similarly criticized her – naming her among the "most over-rated thinkers" of 2011, they called her program "a textbook example of the intellectual limitations of a perfectly settled perspective".[81]

On awarding her the Interfaith Alliance's Faith and Freedom Award named for Walter Cronkite, Rev. Dr. C. Welton Gaddy remarked that "Rachel's passionate coverage of the intersection of religion and politics exhibits a strong personal intellect coupled with constitutional sensitivity to the proper boundaries between religion and government."[82]

Similarly, a 2008 Time profile described Maddow a "whip-smart, button-cute leftie". It said she radiates an essential decency and suggested her career rise might signify that "nice is the new nasty".[83]

Distinguishing herself from others on the left, Maddow has said she is a "national security liberal" and, in a different interview, that she is not "a partisan".[84][85] The New York Times called her a "defense policy wonk".[45][84]

Political views

Maddow in 2012

When asked about her political views in 2010 by the Valley Advocate, Maddow replied, "I'm undoubtedly a liberal, which means that I'm in almost total agreement with the Eisenhower-era Republican Party platform."[86]

Maddow opposed the 2003 invasion of Iraq. In February 2013, she said:

We say that Vietnam changed our politics forever. But less than 40 years after this, again, a campaign directed at the highest levels of government to get us to agree to a war based on something that did not happen the way they said it happened. It was a months-long campaign in 2002 and 2003, and it worked ... In three weeks, the CIA pulls together what normally takes months. It is delivered just seven days before the congressional vote ... By the end of 2002, the U.S. military is headed to the Gulf. Congress is on board, as are British Prime Minister Tony Blair and most of the mainstream media. The stage is set for war.[87]

During the 2008 presidential election, Maddow did not formally support any candidate. Concerning Barack Obama's candidacy, Maddow said: "I have never and still don't think of myself as an Obama supporter, either professionally or actually."[88]

In 2010, Republican Senator Scott Brown speculated that Maddow was going to run against him in the 2012 Senate election. His campaign used this premise for a fundraising email, although Maddow repeatedly said Brown's speculation was false. Brown continued to make his claims in the Boston media, so Maddow ran a full-page advertisement in The Boston Globe confirming that she was not running and separately demanded Brown's apology. She added that, despite repeated invitations over the months, Brown had refused to appear on her TV program.[89][90][91][92] Ultimately, it was Elizabeth Warren who ran in 2012, defeating Brown.[93]

Maddow has suggested that the alleged Trump-Russia collusion has continued beyond the 2016 presidential election.[94] In March 2017, she blamed Russia for WikiLeaks' Vault 7 disclosure of the CIA's hacking tools, saying: "Consider what the other U.S. agency is besides the State Department that Putin most hates? That Putin most feels competitive with? That Putin most wants to beat? It's the CIA, right? ... Smart observers say this is the largest dump of classified CIA material maybe ever, and it really could be a devastating blow to the CIA's cyber war and flat-out spying capabilities, and that dump was released by WikiLeaks."[94] Regarding the Trump-Russia investigation, Maddow said: "If the Trump presidency is knowingly the product of a foreign-intelligence operation, that is a full-stop national crisis."[48] Concerning "alternative facts" and fake news, Maddow said: "The president denigrating the press is important in terms of his behavior as an increasingly authoritarian-style leader, period."[48]: 56 

Following the October 2018 murder of Saudi Arabian dissident journalist and Washington Post columnist Jamal Khashoggi, Maddow argued that Donald Trump's business ties to Saudi Arabia are raising some troubling questions.[95]

In December 2018, Maddow criticized President Trump's decision to withdraw U.S. troops from Syria.[96]

In July 2020, Maddow predicted that unemployment figures covering the previous month would be "absolutely terrible"; after the figures were released, showing the largest growth in employment in a single month in U.S. history, Politico named Maddow's prediction one of "the most audacious, confident and spectacularly incorrect prognostications about the year".[97]

In May 2021, former New York Times reporter Barry Meier published Spooked: The Trump Dossier, Black Cube, and the Rise of Private Spies, which cited the Steele dossier as a case study in how reporters can be manipulated by private intelligence sources. Meier named Maddow as one example.[98]

Personal life

Maddow splits her time between Manhattan in New York City, and West Cummington, Massachusetts, with her partner, artist Susan Mikula.[99][100] They met in 1999, when Maddow was working on her doctoral dissertation.[99]

Maddow has dealt with cyclical depression since puberty.[101] In a 2012 interview, she stated, "It doesn't take away from my joy or my work or my energy, but coping with depression is something that is part of the everyday way that I live and have lived for as long as I can remember."[102] She has explained why she decided to speak about it in interviews: "It was a hard call ... Because it was nobody's business. But it had been helpful to me to learn about the people who were surviving, were leading good lives, even though they were dealing with depression. So I felt it was a bit of a responsibility to pay that back."[51]

Maddow said, "There are three things I do to stay sane: I exercise, I sleep – I'm a good sleeper – and I fish."[48]: 56  She is also a practicing Catholic.[103]

In 2021, Maddow had surgery to remove a cancerous skin growth from her neck.[104]

Honors and awards

  • 2023 Hillman Prize for Broadcast Journalism for her podcast, Ultra.[105] “Since 1950, the Sidney Hillman Foundation has honored journalists who pursue investigative reporting and deep storytelling in service of the common good. Recipients exemplify reportorial excellence, storytelling skill, and social justice impact.”[106] This was the first time the prize has gone to a podcast.[107]
  • 2020 Alfred I. duPont–Columbia University Award for her podcast, Bagman.[108] The award “honors excellence in broadcast and digital journalism in the public service and is considered one of the most prestigious awards in journalism.” It's "considered by some to be the broadcast equivalent of the Pulitzer Prize, another program administered by Columbia University."[109]
  • 2018 Peabody Award nomination for her podcast, Bagman (“In-depth investigation and historic look by Rachel Maddow and Mike Yarvitz at the forced resignation of Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, the brash politician who waged an all-out assault on the public officials who uncovered his criminal past and those who reported on it.”)[110]
  • 2017 Emmy Award in the Outstanding Live Interview category for The Rachel Maddow Show segment "One-on-One with Kellyanne Conway".[111]
  • 2017 Emmy Award in the Outstanding News Discussion & Analysis category for The Rachel Maddow Show story "An American Disaster: The Crisis in Flint".[112]
  • 2011 Emmy Award in the Outstanding News Discussion & Analysis category for The Rachel Maddow Show segments "Good Morning Landlocked Central Asia!".[113]
  • Maddow was named in Out magazine's "Out 100" list of the "gay men and women who moved culture" in 2008.[114]
  • Maddow was voted "Lesbian/Bi Woman of the Year (American)" in AfterEllen's 2008 Visibility Awards.[115]
  • Maddow won a Gracie Award in 2009, presented by the American Women in Radio and Television.[116]
  • In 2009, Maddow was nominated for GLAAD's 20th Annual Media Awards for a segment of her MSNBC show, "Rick Warren, Change To Believe In?", in the Outstanding TV Journalism Segment category.[117]
  • On March 28, 2009, Maddow received a Proclamation of Honor from the California State Senate, presented in San Francisco by California State Senator Mark Leno.[118]
  • In April 2009, she was listed at No. 4 in Out magazine's Annual Power 50 List.[119]
  • Maddow placed sixth in the "2009 AfterEllen.com Hot 100" list (May 11, 2009)[120] and third in its "2009 Hot 100: Out Women" version.[121]
  • Maddow was included on a list of openly gay media professionals in The Advocate's "Forty under 40" issue of June/July 2009.[122]
  • In 1994, Maddow received an Honorable Mention in the Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity Prize in Ethics.[123]
  • In June 2009, Maddow's MSNBC show was the only cable news show nominated for a Television Critics Association award in the Outstanding Achievement in News and Information category.[124]
  • In March 2010, Maddow won at the 21st Annual GLAAD Media Awards in the category of Outstanding TV Journalism – Newsmagazine for her segment, "Uganda Be Kidding Me".[125]
  • In May 2010, Maddow was the 2010 commencement speaker and was given an honorary Doctor of Laws (LLD) degree at Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts.[126]
  • In July 2010, Maddow was presented with a Maggie Award for her ongoing reporting of healthcare reform, the murder of Dr. George Tiller, and the anti-abortion movement.[127]
  • In August 2010, Maddow won the Walter Cronkite Faith & Freedom Award, which was presented by the Interfaith Alliance.[82] Past honorees included Larry King, Tom Brokaw, and the late Peter Jennings.[82]
  • In February 2012, Maddow was presented the John Steinbeck Award by the Martha Heasley Cox Center for Steinbeck Studies at San Jose State University.[128]
  • Maddow was named Outstanding Host at the 2012 Gracie Allen Awards[129]
  • In December 2017 The Advocate named her as a finalist for its "Person of the Year".[130]
  • In 2021, Fast Company included her on their second Queer 50 list.[131]

Grammy Awards

Year Award Nominated work Result Ref.
2013 Best Spoken Word Album Drift Nominated [132]
[133]
[72]
2021 Blowout Won

Scholastic

University degrees
Location Date School Degree
California 1994 Stanford University Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Public Policy
England 2001 Lincoln College, Oxford Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil.) in Politics
Chancellor, visitor, governor, rector and fellowships
Location Date School Position
California 1994–1995 John Gardner Fellowship from Stanford University Fellow

Honorary degrees

Honorary degrees
Location Date School Degree Gave Commencement Address
Massachusetts May 2010 Smith College Doctor of Laws (LL.D) [134] Yes

Awards

Location Date Institution Award
California February 2012 San Jose State University John Steinbeck Award
New York 2012 Alliance for Women in Media Gracie Allen Award for Outstanding Host

Tracey Ullman played Maddow in her Showtime comedy series Tracey Ullman's State of the Union. Maddow invited Ullman on her show and interviewed her in January 2010.[135]

Abby Elliott and Melissa Villasenor have both played Maddow in sketches on Saturday Night Live.[136]

Maddow appeared as a character on the November 3, 2013 episode of The Simpsons, "Four Regrettings and a Funeral".[137][138][139][140]

Maddow appeared at the start of "Trump: The Rusical" on RuPaul's Drag Race season 11 as the star of a mini-challenge where the contestants had to dress up as Maddow and read from a teleprompter.[141]

Maddow is the voice of Vesper Fairchild in the television series Batwoman.[142] In March of 2010 she wrote the introduction to the Batwoman: Elegy trade paperback, in which she noted her appreciation for the work of writer Greg Rucka.[143] She appeared as herself on the Netflix series House of Cards.[144][145]

Maddow also makes a cameo as herself in the 2023 romance film Red, White & Royal Blue.

Works

  • Maddow, Rachel (2012). Drift: The Unmooring of American Military Power. Crown. ISBN 978-0-307-46098-1.
  • Maddow, Rachel (2019). Blowout: Corrupted Democracy, Rogue State Russia, and the Richest, Most Destructive Industry on Earth. Crown. ISBN 978-0-525-57547-4.
  • Maddow, Rachel; Yarvitz, Michael (2020). Bag Man: The Wild Crimes, Audacious Cover-up, and Spectacular Downfall of a Brazen Crook in the White House. Crown. ISBN 9780593136683.
  • Maddow, Rachel (2023). Prequel: An American Fight Against Fascism. Crown. ISBN 9780593444511.

See also

Explanatory notes

  1. ^ In 1990, now San Francisco lawyer John Crandon is believed to have been the first openly gay Rhodes scholar.[20]

Citations

  1. ^ Adler, Margot (October 23, 2008). "Rachel Maddow: Sassy, Acerbic and – Yes – Liberal". NPR. Archived from the original on December 10, 2008. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
  2. ^ Trepany, Charles. "MSNBC's Rachel Maddow in quarantine after 'close contact' tests positive for COVID-19". USA Today. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  3. ^ Hess, Amanda (October 1, 2019). "This Is the Moment Rachel Maddow Has Been Waiting For (Published 2019)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  4. ^ "Why Conservatives Love Rachel Maddow". BuzzFeed News. June 18, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
  5. ^ Steinberg, Brian (January 25, 2016). "Brian Williams, Rachel Maddow Will Spearhead MSNBC Live Politics Coverage". Variety. Archived from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  6. ^ "Maddow the first out News Anchor of a prime-time news program". Lesbiatopia.com. Archived from the original on November 7, 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  7. ^ Johnson, Ted (March 6, 2009). "Maddow's unique style spikes ratings". Variety. Archived from the original on April 13, 2009. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  8. ^ "Olbermann welcomes Rachel Maddow to MSNBC". LGBTQ News. August 19, 2008. Archived from the original on April 21, 2012.
  9. ^ France, Louise (February 8, 2009). "Interview: 'I'm not a TV anchor babe. I'm a big lesbian who looks like a man'". The Observer. London. Archived from the original on February 21, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
  10. ^ Maddow, Robert B. (February 3, 1997). ""Water Supply, Water Rights and Other Legal Issues at the East Bay Municipal Utility District, 1972-1993," an oral history conducted by Germaine LaBerge". University of California Berkeley. Retrieved August 2, 2009.
  11. ^ Smolenyak, Megan (October 2, 2012). "10 Things You Didn't Know about Rachel Maddow's Roots". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on November 23, 2012. Retrieved December 6, 2012.
  12. ^ a b "Rachel Maddow on Being Outed by Her College Newspaper". The Daily Beast. March 12, 2012. Archived from the original on December 9, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2012.
  13. ^ Baird, Julia (November 22, 2008). "When Left is Right". Newsweek. Archived from the original on June 13, 2009. Retrieved August 2, 2009.
  14. ^ a b Cricket, Xander (2009). Rachel Maddow: A Neowonk Guide to the Leftist, Lesbian Pundit. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 978-1-4421-2267-3.
  15. ^ Garofoli, Joe (September 11, 2008). "Bay Area's Maddow is cable talk's newest star". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on May 5, 2011. Retrieved October 26, 2010.
  16. ^ Pasley, James. "The life of Rachel Maddow: How a Rhodes scholar and AIDS activist became America's most unlikely cable television host". Business Insider. Archived from the original on August 6, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  17. ^ Sheridan, Barrett (May–June 2008). "Making Airwaves: Broadcaster Rachel Maddow is succeeding at her goal of 'lefty rabblerousing'". Stanford Magazine. Archived from the original on May 7, 2013. Retrieved September 22, 2008.
  18. ^ "John Gardner Fellowship Program". John Gardner Fellowship Association. Archived from the original on April 2, 2012. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  19. ^ "Two Alumni win Rhodes, Marshal Scholarships". Stanford University News Service. December 13, 1994. Archived from the original on June 12, 2016. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  20. ^ "Corrections: June 23, 2013". The New York Times. June 23, 2013. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 14, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
  21. ^ Warn, Sarah (August 20, 2008). "Rachel Maddow Becomes First Out Lesbian to Host Prime-Time News Show". AfterEllen.com. Archived from the original on May 28, 2013.
  22. ^ "Rachel Maddow | Biography, Books, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. March 28, 2023.
  23. ^ a b c d Barnhart, Aaron (June 15, 2008). "MSNBC's Chuck Todd and Rachel Maddow are young, geeky and hot". Kansas City Star. p. G1. Archived from the original on June 19, 2008.
  24. ^ Maddow, Rachel (2001). HIV/AIDS and health care reform in British and American prisons (DPhil). University of Oxford. OCLC 49269166.
  25. ^ Leibovich, Mark (June 7, 2013). "Rachel Maddow". The New York Times Magazine. Archived from the original on December 16, 2017. Retrieved June 10, 2013.
  26. ^ Bagby, Dyana (January 28, 2005). "Two 'L-words'; Morning host adds 'lesbian' to 'liberal' radio's success". Southern Voice Atlanta. Archived from the original on September 18, 2008.
  27. ^ Hinckley, David (February 3, 2009). "Maddow rechannels energy at Air America". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on September 19, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2023.
  28. ^ "Rachel Maddow Renews With Air America Media". Air America.com. February 2, 2009. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009.
  29. ^ "Air America, Liberal Radio Outpost, Ceases Operations - CBS News". www.cbsnews.com. January 21, 2010. Retrieved December 27, 2023.
  30. ^ Parnass, Larry (June 15, 2005). "Maddow joins new program on MSNBC". Daily Hampshire Gazette. Archived from the original on December 24, 2008.
  31. ^ "Rachel Maddow – Host, 'The Rachel Maddow Show'". NBC News. August 20, 2008. Archived from the original on December 8, 2012. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
  32. ^ "The Scoreboard: Friday, May 16". TV Newser. May 16, 2008. Archived from the original on May 28, 2009.
  33. ^ Olbermann, Keith (May 19, 2008). "Countdown with Keith Olbermann May 19, 2008". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  34. ^ Steinberg, Jacques (July 17, 2008). "Now in Living Rooms, the Host Apparent". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved July 17, 2008.
  35. ^ "Msnbc.com opens interactive digital café". NBC News. August 25, 2008. Retrieved October 25, 2023.
  36. ^ susch, eric (June 5, 2009). "Rachel makes cocktails during the show: Recording diggnation episode #207 at the MSNBC.com Digital Cafe in Rockefeller Center". flickr. Retrieved October 25, 2023.
  37. ^ Pressler, Jessica (October 31, 2008). "The Dr. Maddow Show". New York. Archived from the original on April 30, 2012. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  38. ^ "Political commentator Maddow gets own show". Today.com. Associated Press. August 20, 2008. Archived from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  39. ^ Carter, Bill (August 19, 2008). "Rachel Maddow to Replace Dan Abrams on MSNBC". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 4, 2009. Retrieved August 19, 2008.
  40. ^ Shae, Danny (September 18, 2008). "Rachel Maddow Ratings: Beats Olbermann's "Countdown" To Be MSNBC's Top Show". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on August 13, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  41. ^ Stanley, Alessandra (September 25, 2008). "A Fresh Female Face Amid Cable Schoolboys". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 24, 2017. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
  42. ^ Stelter, Brian (October 21, 2008). "Fresh Face on Cable, Sharp Rise in Ratings". The New York Times. p. C1. Archived from the original on June 11, 2017. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
  43. ^ Guthrie, Marisa (October 5, 2011). "Rachel Maddow: How This Wonky-Tonk Woman Won TV". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on August 18, 2013. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
  44. ^ "LA Times' Matea Gold Joining Tribune Washington Bureau". Adweek. June 24, 2010. Retrieved October 25, 2023.
  45. ^ a b Gold, Matea (September 29, 2008). "MSNBC's new liberal spark plug". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 5, 2009. Retrieved January 24, 2009.
  46. ^ Goodwin, Christopher (September 28, 2008). "Gay TV host is liberal queen of US news". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on September 2, 2013. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
  47. ^ Bauder, David. "O'Reilly, Olbermann: polar opposites of campaign". Fox News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved October 8, 2015.
  48. ^ a b c d e f g h Reitman, Janet (June 14, 2017). "Rachel Maddow: The Rolling Stone Interview". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on July 2, 2017. Retrieved July 2, 2017.
  49. ^ Otterson, Joe (May 22, 2017). "MSNBC Reaches No. 1 for First Time in Weekly Primetime Ratings, Fox News Drops to Third". Variety. Archived from the original on May 22, 2017. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
  50. ^ Joyella, Mark. "MSNBC Promo Describes Rachel Maddow As a 'News Anchor'". Adweek. No. December 5, 2014. Archived from the original on December 15, 2017. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
  51. ^ a b Malcolm, Janet (October 9, 2017). "The Storyteller (web version titled 'Rachel Maddow: Trump's TV Nemesis')". The New Yorker. p. 45. Archived from the original on December 12, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  52. ^ "Newspaper calls for 'benevolent conspiracy' of outreach to unvaccinated family, friends". MSNBC.com. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  53. ^ "Data plainly shows benefits of Covid vaccine booster in reducing case rates". MSNBC.com. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  54. ^ "Maddow: Set your concerns aside and get vaccinated. Do it for others if not for yourself". MSNBC.com. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  55. ^ "Growing number of unvaccinated Americans express public regrets". MSNBC.com. August 2, 2021. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  56. ^ "Maddow: If you've been putting off vaccination, the time to do it is now". MSNBC.com. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  57. ^ "Maddow: Set your concerns aside and get vaccinated. Do it for others if not for yourself". MSNBC.com. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  58. ^ a b Johnson, Ted (January 31, 2022). "Rachel Maddow Hosts Show From Home Due To Covid Exposure; Confirms Plans For Hiatus To Work On Ben Stiller 'Bag Man' Movie & Says She May Take Another Break — Update". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 31, 2022.
  59. ^ "Rachel Maddow's MSNBC show is going weekly starting in May". CNN. April 12, 2022. Retrieved July 20, 2022.
  60. ^ Stone, Ken (May 22, 2020). "OAN to Appeal Judge's Ruling to Toss Rachel Maddow Defamation Suit". Times of San Diego. Archived from the original on May 29, 2020. Retrieved May 23, 2020.
  61. ^ "Rachel Maddow sued for $10 million by One America News in defamation case". CBS News. September 10, 2019. Archived from the original on November 8, 2019. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
  62. ^ Maddaus, Gene (May 22, 2020). "Rachel Maddow Wins Dismissal of OAN Defamation Lawsuit". Variety. Archived from the original on June 12, 2020. Retrieved May 23, 2020.
  63. ^ Castronuovo, Celine (August 17, 2021). "OAN loses appeal in defamation lawsuit against Rachel Maddow". The Hill.
  64. ^ Herring Networks, Inc. v. Maddow, 8 F.4th 1148 (9th Cir. 2021).
  65. ^ Baragona, Justin (August 17, 2021). "OAN Loses Appeal Against Maddow, Must Pay MSNBC at Least $250,000". The Daily Beast.
  66. ^ Cowles, Gregory (April 6, 2012). "Inside the List". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 6, 2017. Retrieved August 5, 2017.
  67. ^ Wemple, Erik. "MSNBC's Rachel Maddow to write Washington Post column". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 1, 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2013.
  68. ^ Amlen, Deb (March 1, 2018). "Keeper of the Flame". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 11, 2018. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
  69. ^ Kimbler, Michaylah (March 2, 2018). "Rachel Maddow Gushes About Her NYT Crossword". The Advocate. Archived from the original on November 11, 2018. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
  70. ^ Hess, Amanda (October 1, 2019). "This Is the Moment Rachel Maddow Has Been Waiting For". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 1, 2019. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
  71. ^ "Blowout – Now available!". MSNBC. October 1, 2019. Archived from the original on October 1, 2019. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
  72. ^ a b Hipes, Patrick (March 14, 2021). "Grammy Movie Winners Include Billie Eilish For 'No Time To Die', 'Joker' Score, 'Linda Ronstadt: The Sound Of My Voice'". Deadline. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  73. ^ Maddow, Rachel; Yarvitz, Michael (2020). Bag man : the wild crimes, audacious cover-up & spectacular downfall of a brazen crook in the White House (First ed.). New York: Crown. ISBN 978-0593136683.
  74. ^ "In her next book 'Prequel,' Rachel Maddow will explore a WWII-era plot to overthrow US government". Associated Press.
  75. ^ Steinberg, Brian (November 16, 2018). "Rachel Maddow Quietly Tackles New Projects at MSNBC". Variety. Archived from the original on January 23, 2019. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  76. ^ Johnson, Ted (October 3, 2022). "Rachel Maddow To Debut 'Ultra' Podcast In First Project Under NBCUniversal-MSNBC Deal". Deadline. Retrieved November 2, 2022.
  77. ^ ""We Have Faced Threats This Big Before": Rachel Maddow's New Podcast Is a History Lesson on American Democracy Under Assault". Vanity Fair. October 9, 2022. Retrieved November 2, 2022.
  78. ^ Kroll, Justin (December 14, 2022). "Steven Spielberg's Amblin Entertainment Developing Feature Based On Podcast 'Rachel Maddow Presents: Ultra'; Tony Kushner And Danny Strong In Talks To Adapt". Deadline. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
  79. ^ Guthrie, Marisa (October 5, 2011). "Rachel Maddow: How This Wonky-Tonk Woman Won TV". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on April 30, 2012. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  80. ^ "You Were Expecting Olbermann?". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on April 14, 2012. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  81. ^ "Over-Rated Thinkers". The New Republic. November 3, 2011. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
  82. ^ a b c Krinsky, Alissa (August 22, 2010). "Rachel Maddow Wins Walter Cronkite Faith & Freedom Award". TV Newser. Archived from the original on January 9, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2015.
  83. ^ "Rachel Maddow: MSNBC's New Voice". Time. September 8, 2008. Archived from the original on April 22, 2012. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  84. ^ a b Steinberg, Jacques (July 17, 2008). "Now in Living Rooms, the Host Apparent". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 2, 2017. Retrieved January 24, 2009.
  85. ^ Kurtz, Howard (August 27, 2008). "Rachel Maddow, MSNBC's Newest Left Hand". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 22, 2009. Retrieved January 24, 2009.
  86. ^ Sturm, Tom (May 6, 2010). "Wonk and Circumstance". The Valley Advocate. Archived from the original on February 3, 2014. Retrieved June 18, 2010.
  87. ^ "'The Rachel Maddow Show' for Monday, February 18th, 2013". NBC News. February 18, 2013. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  88. ^ Traister, Rebecca (July 30, 2008). "Rachel Maddow's Life and Career". The Nation. Archived from the original on June 18, 2010. Retrieved March 10, 2009.
  89. ^ Finn, Tyler (March 26, 2010). "Rachel Maddow: Scott Brown Claim I'm Running for Office Not True". CBS News. Archived from the original on January 9, 2016. Retrieved March 26, 2010.
  90. ^ Linkins, Jason (March 25, 2010). "Scott Brown Is Not Letting This Rachel Maddow Electoral Fantasy Go". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 26, 2010.
  91. ^ Heslam, Jessica (March 26, 2010). "Rachel Maddow slams 'creep' Scott Brown; Rips fund-raising on Dem-fueled rumor". Boston Herald. Archived from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 26, 2010.
  92. ^ Gilbert, Matthew (March 24, 2010). "Maddow vs. Brown in 2012? Nope". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 26, 2010.
  93. ^ "Maps: Complete 2012 Election Results". WBUR. November 6, 2012. Archived from the original on November 12, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2012.
  94. ^ a b "MSNBC's Rachel Maddow Sees a "Russia Connection" Lurking Around Every Corner". The Intercept. April 12, 2017. Archived from the original on April 16, 2017. Retrieved April 16, 2017.
  95. ^ "Rachel Maddow explains why Trump's business ties to Saudi Arabia leave him compromised". Salon. October 13, 2018. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
  96. ^ "Trump's Syria withdrawal is a case study in post-policy governing". MSNBC. December 20, 2018. Archived from the original on February 17, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  97. ^ Stanton, Zack (December 29, 2020). "The Worst Predictions of 2020". Politico. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  98. ^ Frank, T.A. (July 14, 2021). "'The Steele Dossier Was a Case Study in How Reporters Get Manipulated'". New York. Retrieved July 18, 2021.
  99. ^ a b Goldscheider, Eric (February 24, 2005). "Weekday bantering is balanced by quiet New England weekends". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on September 14, 2012. Retrieved January 22, 2009.
  100. ^ "Rachel Maddow Biography". The Biography Channel. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved March 31, 2014.
  101. ^ CBS Sunday Morning (May 15, 2016). "Cable news headliner Rachel Maddow". YouTube. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  102. ^ Maddow, Rachel (March 27, 2012). "Rachel Maddow: The Fresh Air Interview". NPR.org. Archived from the original on July 3, 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  103. ^ "Episode 1062 - Rachel Maddow". WTF with Marc Maron Podcast. October 14, 2019. Retrieved November 30, 2023.
  104. ^ Brisco, Elise. "MSNBC'S Rachel Maddow undergoes surgery for skin cancer: 'You should get checked'". USA TODAY. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
  105. ^ "Rachel Maddow Presents: Ultra". Hillman Foundation. April 17, 2023. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
  106. ^ "The Hillman Prize for Journalism". Hillman Foundation. April 12, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
  107. ^ "Rachel Maddow's World War II Era-Themed Podcast Wins Hillman Prize for Broadcast Journalism". www.adweek.com. May 10, 2023. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
  108. ^ "Revisiting 2020 duPont-Columbia Award-Winner, Rachel Maddow". duPont-Columbia Awards. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
  109. ^ "Columbia News". news.columbia.edu. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
  110. ^ "Bag Man". The Peabody Awards. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
  111. ^ "Winners at the 38th Annual News & Documentary Emmy Awards" (PDF). National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences. October 5, 2017. p. 14. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 7, 2017.
  112. ^ "Winners at the 38th Annual News & Documentary Emmy Awards", p. 13.
  113. ^ Femia, Will (September 6, 2011). "Good Morning Landlocked Central Asia!". MSNBC. New York, NY. Archived from the original on May 4, 2017.
  114. ^ "The Out 100: The Men & Women Who Made 2008". Out Magazine. November 2, 2008. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
  115. ^ "The AfterEllen.com 2008 Visibility Awards". AfterEllen.com. December 24, 2008. Archived from the original on May 1, 2010. Retrieved June 19, 2010.
  116. ^ Tanklefsky, David (February 24, 2009). "Rachel Maddow, Suze Orman Among the Winners of AWRT's Gracie Awards". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on February 28, 2009. Retrieved March 6, 2009.
  117. ^ "Twentieth Annual GLAAD Media Award Nominees". Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation. January 27, 2009. Archived from the original on April 12, 2009.
  118. ^ "Rachel Maddow, California State Senator Mark Leno and Mother Jones President/Publisher Jay Harris". Mother Jones. March 28, 2009. Archived from the original on January 9, 2016. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
  119. ^ "3rd Annual Power 50 | 4. Rachel Maddow". Out.com. June 23, 2008. Archived from the original on April 17, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  120. ^ "The 2009 AfterEllen.com Hot 100". AfterEllen. May 11, 2009. Archived from the original on May 14, 2009. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
  121. ^ "The 2009 AfterEllen.com Hot 100: Out Women". AfterEllen.com. April 25, 2009. Archived from the original on March 30, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  122. ^ "Forty Under 40: Media". Advocate.com. Archived from the original on September 13, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  123. ^ "Past Years Winners: Media". Elie Wiesel Foundation.org. Archived from the original on November 22, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2010.
  124. ^ "Television Critics Association Announces 2009 Award Nominees". TV Critics.org. June 3, 2009. Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved June 5, 2009.
  125. ^ Ram, Archana (March 14, 2010). "'Brothers and Sisters' and 'Parks and Recreation' among winners at GLAAD Media Awards". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on July 3, 2011. Retrieved March 15, 2010.
  126. ^ "Honorary Degrees From Smith College". Smith College. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved October 14, 2010.
  127. ^ "Rachel Maddow, Glamour Magazine, and the AJC's Cynthia Tucker Among Planned Parenthood's 2010 Maggie Award Winners". Planned Parenthood. July 16, 2010. Archived from the original on July 20, 2010. Retrieved July 19, 2010.
  128. ^ "Steinbeck Center Past Events". San José State University. February 25, 2012. Archived from the original on June 30, 2015. Retrieved April 29, 2015.
  129. ^ "2012 Gracie Awards". thegracies.org. Archived from the original on October 4, 2012. Retrieved October 28, 2012.
  130. ^ "Person of the Year: Transgender Americans". Advocate.com. July 20, 2017. Archived from the original on December 25, 2017. Retrieved December 25, 2017.
  131. ^ "Announcing Fast Company's second annual Queer 50 list". Fast Company. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  132. ^ "Rachel Maddow". grammy.com. December 15, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  133. ^ "Grammy Awards Nominations: The Complete List". Variety. November 20, 2019. Retrieved November 20, 2019.
  134. ^ "Honorary Degrees". Archived from the original on August 14, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  135. ^ "The Rachel Maddow Show, Transcript 01/28/10". MSNBC.com. January 29, 2010. Archived from the original on April 21, 2018. Retrieved April 21, 2018.
  136. ^ "Watch Rachel Maddow Sketches From SNL Played By Abby Elliott". NBC. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  137. ^ "Rachel Maddow: Simpsons cameo the 'pinnacle of my existence'". UPI.com. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on September 27, 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  138. ^ Taibi, Catherine (November 1, 2013). "Rachel Maddow Reveals 'Simpsons' Cameo (VIDEO)". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on June 15, 2016. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  139. ^ Bendix, Trish (November 8, 2013). "Watch now! Rachel Maddow talks ENDA and "The Simpsons" on "Fallon"". AfterEllen. Archived from the original on September 27, 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  140. ^ "The Rachel Maddow Show, Transcript 10/31/13". msnbc.com. November 2013. Archived from the original on September 26, 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  141. ^ "Trump Ruins Everything, Even 'RuPaul's Drag Race' [Recap and Rankings]". Towleroad Gay News. March 22, 2019. Archived from the original on April 1, 2019. Retrieved April 5, 2019.
  142. ^ "Rachel Maddow Will Lend Her Voice to The CW's Batwoman". TVNewser. October 4, 2019. Archived from the original on October 21, 2019. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  143. ^ Greg Rucka and J. H. Williams III, Batwoman: Elegy, introduction by Rachel Maddow (DC Comics, 2010).
  144. ^ Lowry, Brian (January 30, 2014). "TV Review: 'House of Cards' – Season Two". Variety. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  145. ^ Goldstein, Jessica (May 31, 2017). "House of Cards Recap: Under His Eye". Vulture. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rachel Maddow.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Rachel Maddow.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rachel_Maddow&oldid=1257663704"